Military-border drill “We kept the border on Sava”

Country
Croatia
Organization name
The Museum of Cvelferija
Storyteller
Martina
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Overview
Cvelferija is an area located in eastern Croatia, along the Spačva Forest and the Sava River. Today, as in the past, Sava is a natural and political frontier. At the beginning of the 18th century, the Habsburg monarchy established a land belt along the Sava, one mile wide and placed it under the immediate military administration of the Monarchy. This belt was divided into two parts: the civilian and the military part to which Cvelferija belonged. The purpose of the military border was multiple – from the constant source of mobilized forces for the wars of the Habsburg monarchy to the preservation of the border towards the Ottoman Empire. Although the Military border (Vojna krajina) was abolished at the end of the 19th century, this area remained borderline. It is situated at the border between Croatia, Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina, and today it is the border of the European Union. The border identity is strongly rooted in the population of this area, and local community came up with the idea of launching a manifestation that will strengthen the protection of the border identity. In cooperation with the local community, members of the Cvelferija horse-breeding associations, members of cultural and artistic societies and individuals in cooperation with the Museum of Cvelferija, this manifestation was launched. The central part of the event is a stage display of everyday life during the Military border (Vojna krajina) in the 18th and 19th centuries. The play is prepared by the employees of the Museum and is based on archival and historical research. The intention is to bring this important historical period closer to the participants and visitors.

Today, the area of Cvelferija comprises of nine villages located in the eastern part of the Republic of Croatia, in Vukovar-Srijem County. The name of this area dates back to the time of the Military border (Vojna krajina), which had a strong and still visible influence on its development. The name Cvelferija comes from the German, that is, from the German translation of the number twelve – zwölf, a derivative of Cvelferija was created. The number twelve was worn by a company that had a centre in Drenovci and belonged to 7th Brodska regiment at the Military border (Vojna krajina). The headquarters of the Museum of Cvelferija, founded in 2015, is located in Drenovci, in whose organization in cooperation with the horse-riding associations „Tromeđa“, „Srijemci“ i „Cvelferija“, cultural and artistic society „Sava“ iz Rajevog Sela, villagers of Račinovci first Military-border drill “We kept the border on Sava” was held on 10 June 2018. The drill was launched with the intention of marking two hundred and ten years since the establishment of 12th Drenovci unit, because according to historical documents that according to documents is the date of establishment of the 12th Drenovci unit on 12 June 1808. For the first time, a Military-border drill was reconstructed along the river dam near Rajevo Selo and Račinovci, that is, the approximate location of the boarder guards/watchtower – (čardak) from the time of the Military border. According to previously divided play roles (soldiers, guards, horsemen, aides, pennants, corporal, lieutenants and family members) and prepared plays, a display of soldiers' escorting to the guard in Rajevo Selo was performed and coming to Račinovci where the guard's shift was shown. The presenters dressed in uniforms and clothing related to the period of the Military border, and the whole impression was complemented by wagons and harnessed horses. In Račinovci, after displaying the watch shift, it was also possible to taste the traditional Military-border dish of this place – Grenadier March (hand made pasta with potato and smoked paprika) prepared by villagers of Račinovci. The second Military-border drill titled “We kept the border on Sava” was held on 6 September 2020 in Museum’s cooperation with horse-riding associations from the area of Cvelferija: “Tromeđa”, “Srijemci” and “Cvelferija” and the locals of Račinovci. A play was held on the patrol about the life of border guards and the dismissal of soldiers in which the villagers of Račinovaca, Đurići and Drenovaci participated, as well as members of Cultural and artistic associations “Đenka” Đurići and Cultural and artistic association “Sloga” from Račinovci. Along with the play, there was an exhibition of photographs from the first play of military-border drill from 2018. The third Military-border drill was held on 3 and 4 September 2021 in Museum’s cooperation with horse-breeding associations, with members of Cultural and artistic association Sava from Rajevo Selo and individuals from Cvelferija. The event was also held along the Sava River. The scene of “Wait for the scaffold and hope for the scaffold” along the Sava River in Rajevo Selo was staged. In the scene, emphasis was placed on the trade that took place on the scaffold bridge during the Military border. Performers were divided by roles: a merchant, a farmer, a drummer, a singer, a rider, a guard, a cart driver, and children who portrayed trade during the military border period. The performers were dressed in their respective uniforms and clothes, which contributed to the presentation of this reconstructed and presented border walk for the third time. The military-border drill “We guarded the border on Sava” was held for the fourth time on 22 May 2022 in Račinovci, again in cooperation with the horse-riding associations “Tromeđa” and “Cvelferija”, the Cultural and artistic association “Sloga” from Račinovci and individuals from Cvelferija. For the purpose of the event, a scene was performed of one event of family from Račinovci just before their son went to the battlefield. The performers were dressed in uniforms and clothing. The recognizability of the event is witnessed by an increasing number of visitors every year, and in addition to its original intention, which is a preservation of the intangible cultural heritage of Cvelferija, it also has another – a tourist one.

European Dimension
Through the Military border drill “We kept the border on Sava”, the area of Cvelferija was presented during the period of the Military border, which was managed by the Habsburg Monarchy. The military border is formed as a defence belt to protect against the enemy – the Ottomans. Namely, the Habsburg Monarchy and the Ottoman Empire were two rivals, world powers that experienced their collision in Central Europe and in the European southeast. The objective of the Ottoman Empire was to conquer Vienna, while the Habsburgs wanted to banish the Ottomans from the European area. At the end of the 17th century, at peace treaty in Sremski Karlovci in 1699, the Ottomans suffered defeat in the Great Vienna War. With this peace of Slavonia (including Cvelferia) and part of Srijem and Baranja, Bačka and Erdelj belong to the Habsburg Empire. At the time, Cvelferija was a border belt, as it is today at the border of the European Union. With this manifestation we wish to present the life of the people of that time, but also the strong will of today's generations to preserve and nurture the importance that border soldiers had at that time, as well as to preserve the border identity. Nowadays, as it was before, Croatia is at the border, and the first pillar of its defence is in Cvelferija.